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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medicines can be a useful instrument to manage anxiety symptoms. Psychologists are trained in the use and prescription of medications. They can prescribe the correct medication to reduce the risk of side effects. Typical anxiety disorder treatment is three-pronged and consists of psychotherapy, exercise and medications. I Am Psychiatry are the first treatment for anxiety can take several weeks to work. SSRIs SSRIs are the drug of choice for most anxiety disorders. The most recent SSRIs have better adverse effect profiles than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs). There are a variety of SSRIs are FDA-approved for treating generalized anxiety disorder, including fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil) sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa). These drugs can boost serotonin in the brain, and can also increase norepinephrine, or BDNF. They can be utilized in combination with psychotherapy or on their own. SSRIs can cause side effects, like nausea and digestive problems However, these tend to improve as the body becomes used to the medication. The precise mechanism behind how SSRIs work for anxiety isn't fully understood. However, it is believed that they block the reuptake of serotonin from the post-synaptic neurons and increase the concentration of serotonin within the synaptic gap. This increases the amount of signaling that occurs across the synapse, and consequently reduces anxiety symptoms. In addition to decreasing anxiety, SSRIs may reduce the frequency and intensity of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression as well as other mental disorders which are often linked to anxiety disorders. They can be combined with cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to increase their effectiveness. In contrast to other classes of antidepressants SSRIs are not believed to be addictive. However, it is crucial to follow the doctor's instructions. If you stop taking your medication suddenly, this can cause “discontinuation syndrome” and a return of anxiety-related symptoms. If SSRIs are not suitable for you, your doctor could look into a different kind of antidepressant, such as mirtazapine or nefazodone. These drugs are also effective, but carry greater risk of side effects than the newer SSRIs. SSRIs can interact with certain food items such as dairy products, eggs, red meat and certain fruits and vegetables. It is recommended to stay clear of these foods if you're taking these medications. Additionally it is generally advised to avoid drinking alcohol while taking SSRIs because this can cause more severe adverse effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines boost the calming effect of certain chemicals found in the nervous system and brain. They enhance the effects of the neurotransmitter, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is a substance which inhibits nerve activity. These drugs are effective in treating anxiety disorders, insomnia and various mental disorders. However, they can be addictive and should only be used for brief durations under medical supervision. Benzos can be dangerous when used for recreational purposes, or combined with alcohol and other substances. When someone is suffering from anxiety disorders, they usually resort to medication as their first option. However it's not the only option. Psychotherapy or talk therapy has also been shown as an effective method to decrease anxiety disorder symptoms. There are a myriad of psychotherapies, but cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most popular and efficient. This type of psychotherapy can teach you how to change your thoughts and behaviors to make you less stressed as much. The most common benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) Clorazepate (Tranxene) and the lorazepam (Ativan) and the quazepam (Dalmane). They all share similar chemical properties, however each has its own distinct side effect profile. Clorazepate, for instance is more effective at treating seizure disorders compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on the other hand, is superior at treating anxiety disorders than quazepam. Benzodiazepines can be very effective, however they are not recommended for long-term use because they may cause tolerance and physical dependence. They can also trigger withdrawal symptoms, like a heart pounding shaking, sweating, and shaking if you abruptly stop taking the medication. The symptoms can be uncomfortable and last for a long time. However they can be slowed down by reducing the medication gradually. Benzodiazepines can be extremely addictive and should be taken only for a short time. In general, not more than four weeks. You must monitor your blood pressure, heart rate and breathing closely during this period to ensure that you don't have an extreme reaction. Consult your physician if you are considering a drug called benzodiazepine. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a kind of medication that is used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. These drugs prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors within your nervous system. This stops the hormone from creating physical reactions, such as heart tremors or palpitations. These medications are typically used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular issues however they can be prescribed for non-pharmacological use in cases of anxiety. When you're stressed your body produces a chemical dubbed adrenaline that signals the body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds with beta receptors in the heart and brain and causes your heart to beat faster and may cause other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are a class medication used to treat hypertension, and other heart ailments. They work by blocking adrenaline's binding actions. This helps to lower the heart rate and blood pressure. Beta-blockers can be used quickly, in contrast to SSRIs or benzodiazepines that require weeks or even months to show a difference in symptoms. This makes them a good choice for those who require immediate relief from their anxiety symptoms for instance, those who need to deliver a speech in public or travel on an airplane. Additionally, they are ideal for those who suffer from anxiety and a chronic heart issue such as atherosclerosis or congestive cardiac failure. While beta-blockers can be effective in alleviating physical symptoms of anxiety, they fail to treat the root of the condition. As a result, they are usually prescribed as a part of a comprehensive treatment program that includes counseling and lifestyle modifications. However, they are a useful option for people who have tried other anti-anxiety drugs but haven't found them to be effective or cause uncontrollable side effects. Propranolol and atenolol as well as other beta-blockers are all available. Your doctor will decide which one is best for you based on your medical history and overall health. These medications can cause adverse effects, such as low blood pressure or fatigue. It is important to discuss your options with your physician. MAOIs Monoamine Oxase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were first created in the 1950s as an antidepressant, have proven to be effective for certain anxiety and depression disorders. They aren't as widely employed as SSRIs and other antidepressants due the strict dietary restrictions required and the risk of drug interactions. Some MAOIs can be taken orally in tablet form while others (such as Emsam) come in the form of a transdermal patch applied to the skin every day. MAOIs block the actions of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine as well as serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters play an important role in sleep, mood, and appetite as well as sexual function. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety effects. However they are more likely to cause adverse effects than TCAs and SSRIs and carry boxed warnings for suicide. In addition to the MAOIs listed below your doctor may prescribe other treatments or medications to aid in managing your symptoms. For example, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to relieve the physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor might also suggest a relaxation technique or other home remedies to ease your anxiety symptoms. The first MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during research into tuberculosis in 1952. It was quickly discovered that it could have mood-elevating qualities and is considered the original antidepressant drug. Generally, MAOIs are only used when other antidepressants don't perform, as they could cause serious adverse reactions that require immediate medical attention. It could trigger a serious reaction that results in high blood pressure when you take an MAOI when you eat foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is found in a wide variety of red meats and cheeses as well as in shellfish, fish and a few dietary supplements. This severe reaction can cause a throbbing head pain nausea, vomiting, and a rapid heartbeat. MAOIs may also interact with other medications and cause serious side effects, such as suicidal thoughts or behavior. Your doctor will discuss your diet needs with you before prescribing MAOIs. He or she will tell you to avoid eating any foods that contain tyramine while you take the drug. They will also provide a list of food items that are safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide can help avoid MAOI-related symptoms.